COMMERCE RESEARCH REVIEW

Lay-Offs in the Global Information Technology Sector and Its Impact on the Indian Economy

Juhi Kumari, Sanjay Kumar — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0530

The Indian service sector has been proven as the most crucial sector in the Indian economy as it contributes around 55% of the Indian GDP. This sector is quite diverse as it includes industries such as information technology, tourism, banking, healthcare, education, insurance, financial services, and others. The information technology industry has played a key role in revolutionizing our service sector. IT giants like Infosys, HCL, TCS, Accenture, Wipro, Cognizant, and others are the largest providers of employment opportunities along with becoming the catalyst behind the rapid growth of the Indian economy. These companies are the backbone of many other companies in India as technological solutions are being used by many production and service sector companies. However, in recent years, the IT industry has failed to meet expectations as many employees are losing their jobs due to layoffs in many IT companies. Generally, decisions regarding lay-offs are taken for strategic and economic reasons but this time, some unavoidable reasons are forcing companies to cut down the size of their workforce to retain their healthy positions.
This study is descriptive and qualitative which is based on secondary data. However, this paper is an endeavour to look into the reasons behind huge layoffs in the IT industry. Demonstration of available data is done through tables, bar diagrams, and pie charts. This research work is also intended to analyse the impact of such lay-offs on the Indian economy. After analysis, this research finds that the explanation of poor performance or incompatibility given by these IT companies behind these lay-offs is not completely true because the actual reasons are: excessive hiring during the boom phase of the post-pandemic period and forthcoming recession in the global economy. Lastly, this paper also provides some suggestions to restrain the situations of mass lay-offs and the trap of global recession.

Artificial Intelligence: Revolutionizing the Future of Fintech

Anita Ramrakhyani, N K Shrivastava — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0530

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Fintech has emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing financial services with its potential for efficiency, innovation, and improved customer experiences. This paper delves into the paradigm shift brought about by AI in the Fintech sector, focusing on the theoretical and practical application and acceptance it has gained and challenges it presents to harness its benefits effectively. This study employs a comprehensive analysis of secondary data sourced from reputable corporate databases. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data was rigorously screened and filtered to ensure accuracy and relevance. Analysis was conducted using statistical methods to identify patterns and trends within the data. This methodology is anticipated to reveal insights into the application and acceptance of AI with special references to banking and finance. Challenges include concerns over data privacy, regulatory compliance, algorithmic biases, and potential cyber threats. Suggestions involve robust data governance frameworks, adherence to regulatory guidelines, ethical AI practices, and advanced cybersecurity measures. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the risks associated with AI in Fintech and proposes actionable measures to ensure a secure and sustainable integration, thus maximizing the potential of AI in the financial technology landscape. A literature research combined information from multiple sources were collected to create a cohesive narrative about AI's current condition and future prospects in Fintech. To verify data dependability, cross-referencing from numerous sources and assessing trustworthiness based on publication repute and relevancy were carried out. This study employs a comprehensive analysis of secondary data sourced from reputable corporate databases. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data was rigorously screened and filtered to ensure accuracy and relevance. Analysis was conducted using statistical methods to identify patterns and trends within the data. This methodology is anticipated to reveal insights into [mention the expected outcome or findings.

Performance of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana in Bihar - An Appraisal

Ritesh Ranjan, Anil Kumar Gope — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0530

The government of India launched the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY), a flagship program, to support small and microbusinesses financially so they can obtain finance for expansion and development. The purpose of this study is to assess the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana's (PMMY) efficacy in the state of Bihar. The research aims to delve into the diverse range of financial instruments provided by PMMY and assess their feasibility and viability within the unique socio-economic landscape of Bihar. Through an in-depth analysis of existing data, encompassing factors like loan disbursement, business expansion, employment generation, and economic impact, this research seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of PMMY's outcomes, ensuring it informs policymakers, financial institutions, and stakeholders for the betterment of entrepreneurial development in Bihar and beyond.

Unlocking Financial Insights: A Comparative Study of SBI versus Axis Bank

Kaushik Meenakshi Ramesh, Amita Pathania, Nisha Yadav — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0530

Purpose of the research: The purpose of this research is to compare the financial performance of State Bank of India (SBI) and Axis Bank, two major Indian financial organizations, over the last five years. The study focuses on key financial measures to evaluate the profitability, efficiency, and overall financial health of both institutions.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The research uses a comparative analysis approach to evaluate important financial ratios such as return on equity, earnings per share, profit earnings ratio, dividend per share, dividend payout ratio, net profit margin, operational profit margin, and return on assets. These ratios are used to compare the financial performance of SBI and Axis Bank to uncover similarities and differences between the two.
Findings: The comparison analysis highlights the financial strengths and drawbacks of SBI and Axis Bank. Profitability criteria such as earnings per share and return on equity vary, as do dividend policy and operational efficiency indicators.
Originality and Novelty: This research adds to the current literature by comparing SBI and Axis Bank's financial performance across multiple crucial ratios. The study provides insights into both banks' financial advantages and drawbacks, which may influence investment decisions and strategic planning.
Research Limitations: This study relies on publicly available financial data, which may not fully portray the complexity of the banking business. Furthermore, the analysis is confined to a given time period and may not capture long-term patterns or future performance.
Research and Practical Implications: This research has important consequences for investors, legislators, and banking professionals. Understanding SBI and Axis Bank's financial strengths and weaknesses can help guide investment decisions, regulatory actions, and strategic initiatives to improve financial performance.
Social Implications: The financial stability and performance of banks like SBI and Axis Bank have a substantial impact on the economy, including credit access, financial inclusion, and growth.

Unveiling Influence: Assessing the Effect of ICT Tools on Student Activities through Knowledge Management Processes

T S Ragi — Thu, 01 Aug 2024 13:06:11 +0530

The research examines the influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools on the connection between Knowledge Management (KM) processes and student activities in an educational setting. The research examines the influence of different information and communication technology (ICT) tools on the connection between knowledge management (KM) processes and student activities, including learning, outreach service, research and innovation, and placement, specifically in the context of Banaras Hindu University (BHU). The study utilizes Smart PLS as the analytical tool to examine the moderating impact of ICT on improving student engagement and outcomes by means of effective KM processes. The findings underscore the crucial significance of information and communication technology (ICT) tools in augmenting knowledge management (KM) processes, thereby fostering improved educational experiences and outcomes for students. This paper emphasizes the importance of strategically implementing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in educational institutions. The goal is to establish collaborative learning environments that facilitate ongoing innovation and development.

Empowering Women Entrepreneurs: The Role of Social Media in Enhancing Financial and Professional Achievement

Aijaz Ahmed — Thu, 01 Aug 2024 13:09:44 +0530

The rise of digital technology and internet-based tools has precipitated a notable decline in the traditional media landscape, encompassing television, radio, newspapers, and magazines. This shift is primarily attributed to the pervasive use of Web 2.0 platforms, facilitating instant access to real-time information and fostering a globally interconnected environment. Within this paradigm, digital marketing and online commerce have flourished through the proliferation of e-commerce and m-commerce platforms, deploying diverse strategies predicated on a user-centric, interconnected technological framework. Over the past two decades, leveraging the Internet and the World Wide Web has birthed a new media era, with marketers harnessing its potential as both a communication medium and a platform for ongoing dialogue. Central to marketing strategy is an outward-in approach, wherein consumer desires, and expectations are meticulously analyzed, guiding a journey inward to unearth the essence of a brand’s identity and identify opportunities for value addition. Methodologically, a qualitative
approach employing semi Structured interviews was utilized to explore the nuanced experiences of diverse women. This method offered flexibility in questioning and depth of inquiry while providing a coherent framework for addressing research inquiries. Moreover, the semi-structured format afforded respondents the latitude to delve into pertinent issues, fostering interactive exchanges between researcher and participant, thereby maximizing opportunities for nuanced insights.

Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0: A Paradigm Shift towards Sustainable and Human Centric Production

Jyoti Singh, Krishna Kumar Verma — Thu, 01 Aug 2024 13:13:25 +0530

During the period of the Industry 4.0 revolution which was started in 2011 with the aim of various benefits in the form of mass production and initiation of robot mechanization during the more than 10 years of life span. In spite of the benefits, there are many shortcomings in the Industry 4.0 revolution. Finally, the Industry 5.0 revolution has taken place for the development of industry life with the help of new developments in the industry revolution. The industrial fifth revolution is known as Industry 5.0. The term Industry 5.0 refers to people
working with robots and smart machines. It involves robots assisting humans in working more efficiently by utilizing advancements in technology, such as big data analytics This paper discusses the development of all industrial revolutions and differentiates between Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. The technologies adopted by Industry 5.0 are analytics of big data, the Internet of Things, Collaborative robots, Blockchain, digital twins, and future 6G systems are discussed in this article. Industry 5.0 outlined three primary pillars-human-centric, resilient, and sustainable. Every business strategy is anticipated to be impacted by all three of them. The creative applications Industry 5.0 involved are Disaster Recovery Management Plans, Smart Education, Supply Chain Management, Smart Hospital, Cloud Environment, and Production Management.

Unveiling the Global and Indian Landscape of Fraud: Investigating Financial, Geopolitical, and Ecological Consequences and Countermeasures

Ashish Saxena, Zubia Akhtar Shaikh, Manish Verma — Thu, 01 Aug 2024 13:15:43 +0530

This article examines the global and Indian landscape of fraud, with a focus on financial statement fraud and its implications. Real-life cases, including the Enron scandal, the Bernie Madoff Ponzi scheme, and the Nirav Modi-PNB fraud case, demonstrate the magnitude and impact of fraud. Financial statement fraud, involving deceitful practices in financial reporting, can lead to severe consequences such as bankruptcy, job losses, and a loss of trust in corporate governance. Fraud also has geopolitical implications, undermining confidence in financial markets and triggering discussions on corporate governance reform. Additionally, fraud can have ecological consequences, particularly through greenwashing practices. To combat fraud effectively, strategies such as strengthening regulatory frameworks, enhancing corporate governance practices, and investing in advanced technologies for fraud detection and prevention are crucial. Fostering a strong ethical culture and implementing robust risk management frameworks are also essential in mitigating fraud risks. By addressing fraud, societies can protect their economies, promote transparency, and encourage sustainable and ethical practices.

Seed to Sustenance: A Comprehensive Review of Wheat's Agricultural Value Chain

Mohit Agrawal, Jinendra Kumar Jain — Thu, 01 Aug 2024 13:18:15 +0530

Wheat is a crucial staple crop that plays a vital role in global food security. To enhance the productivity, efficiency, and competitiveness of wheat production and distribution, a detailed analysis of its agricultural value chain is essential. This research paper provides a comprehensive review of the agricultural value chain of wheat, encompassing key stages from pre-production to post-harvest activities. It explores the main stakeholders, challenges, and opportunities within the wheat value chain, aiming to identify potential areas for improvement and enhanced sustainability. By examining the value chain's dynamics and understanding its complexities, policymakers, farmers, and other stakeholders can make informed decisions to strengthen the wheat industry and contribute to food security worldwide. The research paper concludes with a comprehensive understanding of the agricultural value chain of wheat, its challenges, and opportunities for improvement. It emphasizes the significance of adopting a holistic approach involving all stakeholders to ensure sustainable and resilient wheat production and distribution. By implementing targeted interventions and policy reforms, the global wheat industry can address existing challenges, enhance productivity, and contribute significantly to global food security. Further research and collective efforts are essential to achieve these objectives and ensure the well-being of both producers and consumers in the wheat value chain. Implementing policy implications and recommendations requires a coordinated effort from all stakeholders and a long-term commitment from governments and private sector players. By prioritizing these strategies, the wheat value chain can become more efficient, sustainable, and resilient, contributing significantly to global food security and economic development. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of policy outcomes will ensure that the wheat industry remains adaptable to changing market dynamics and emerging challenges in the future.